Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) is a severe form of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) that significantly affects your emotional and physical well-being. PMDD usually begins in the luteal phase of your menstrual cycle, which is about one to two weeks before your period starts, and it goes away a few days after your period begins. If you have PMDD, you might experience intense mood swings, irritability, and feelings of sadness or depression. You could also feel anxious, tense, or very tired. Physical symptoms like bloating, breast tenderness, headaches, and muscle or joint pain are common too. The exact causes of PMDD are not fully understood, but researchers believe it is caused by being very sensitive to changes in hormone levels. PMDD is associated with increased sensitivity to the normal hormonal changes that occur during your monthly menstrual cycle. Genetics may play a role, as genetic variations might increase hormone sensitivity. Smoking and stress are also factors that can worsen PMDD. Trauma and stressful events, such as emotional or physical abuse, can be linked to PMDD and may exacerbate symptoms. Understanding these causes can help in recognizing PMDD and seeking appropriate support. If you think you have PMDD, recognizing these symptoms is the first step to finding relief and support.